Monday, June 25, 2007

East India - Touristic Places in Bihar - Nalanda


Location: Nalanda is situated 90 Km from Patna, Bihar.
Tourist Attractions: The Nalanda University Archaeological Complex, The Nalanda Archaeological Museum, Nava Nalanda Mahavihara, Hieun Tsang Memorial Hall, Silao, Surajpur Baragaon.
Best Buys: Buy the famous local sweet 'Khaja', from Silao, a village between Nalanda and Rajgir.
Festivals: The Chhath Puja is celebrated 6 days after Diwali, in mid November. Buddha Jayanti, celebrated in April, to mark the birth, enlightenment and nirvana of lord Budha.
Nearest Tourist Destinations: Vaishali, Patna, Bodhgaya, Rajgir.
When to Visit: The best time to visit this place is October to March.

About Nalanda
Nalanda, a part of the Budhist circuit, is famous for the the ancient International Monastic University. Established in 5th century BC by the Gupta Emperors, it was a famous learning centres in ancient times. The university had centres for studies in Buddhism, Vedas, Logic, Grammar, Medicine, Meta-Physics, Prose Composition and Rhetoric. Lord Buddha and Lord Mahavira have also taught here. The university library had a mammoth collection of 9 million volumes. The university remains are scattered around an area of 14 hectares. Though a large part of the university has been explored, a huge portion remains unexcavated. It is believed that the university could accommodate 10,000 students and 2,000 teachers easily. Hsuan Tsang, the renowned Chinese traveler was also involved with the university foe 12 years. There is a monument built here in his memory. In 12th century AD, the whole university complex was destroyed by Bakhtiar Khilji, a Turkish Invader. There is a museum where the rare collections of the glorious days can be seen. In 1951 an international center for Buddhist studies was founded. Another modern institution is the Nava Nalanda Mahavir Research Centre treasuring many rare manuscripts.

Major Tourist Attractions in Nalanda
The Nalanda University Archaeological Complex
Total excavated area of the complex is about 14 hectares. The university was built in Kushana style of architecture. There are huge gardens, bronze statues and red-brick edifices all around. There are various temples here, of which temple no.3 is most interesting, as it has the statues of lord Buddha in various Mudras (poses). There is a half broken statue of Lord Buddha in the temple no.1.

The Nalanda Archaeological Museum
Established in 1971, the museum has a beautiful collections bronze statues of Buddha, Hindu Gods and Goddesses. The collections here were found during excavation of the university site. The museum has rare manuscripts, copper plates, stone inscriptions, coins, pottery and a 12th century AD sample of burnt rice. Opens at 10 am till 5 pm. It is closed on Friday.

Nava Nalanda Mahavihara
This new international study centre for Buddhism and Pali literature was set up in 1951. It offers research works on the ancient Pali language and Budhism.

Hieun Tsang Memorial Hall
Hieun Tsang was a famous Chinese traveler, who came India during 5th century AD to study the social and political conditions. He devoted 12 years in the ancient university as a teacher as well as student. The memorial hall was bulit in his memory.

Getting there:
Air: The nearest airport from Nalanda is the Patna airport, 90 km away.
Rail: The nearest major railway stations is Gaya around 65 km from Nalanda. Gaya is well connected to other parts of India.
Road: Nalanda is connected through a good road network with Rajgir (12 km), Gaya (65 km), and Patna (90 km).

Accommodation:
Nalanda, being a small town, does not offer very good accommodations for tourists. There are some monasteries built by Buddhist countries and government guesthouse where tourists can stay. But a better option would be to stay in Gaya or Patna, which are not too far from Nalanda.


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